Attachment means for digging teeth and excavating buckets and the like



Jan. 31, 1939. N. H. REYNQLDS 2,145,63

ATTACHMENT MEANS FOR DIGGING TEETH AND EXCAVATING BUCKETS AND THE LIKEFiled Sept. 28, 1956 BY J f (,6 L

ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 31, 193% PATENT OFFlCE ATTACHMENT MEANS FORDIGGING TEE-TH AND EXCAVATING BUCKETS AND THE LIKE Nazro H. Reynolds,Alameda, Calif.

Application September 28, 1936, Serial No. 102,941

5 Claims.

The invention relates to excavating buckets and clippers and moreparticularly to the digging teeth used in connection with suchimplements and means of attaching such teeth to the bucket or dipper.

As will be understood, the ground engaging teeth commonly used on thefront lip of an excavating bucket or dipper or the like are sub-.l'ected to considerable wear and strain and for this reason it ishighly desirable that such teeth be removably secured to the bucket sothat the same may be replaced in the event of breakage and etc. However,the removable securing of such teeth to the front lip of an excavatingbucket or dipper or the like has heretofore presented a major problem inthat the fastening means employed have either, on the one hand, been soloose as to provide an inefficient engagement of the teeth in the earthor other material being excavated, or on the other hand, the fasteningmeans have permitted of the packing of earth and other material into thesecuring joint and so solidly fixed the teeth to the lip as to make theremoval of the teeth extremely difficult. In accordance with the presentinvention, and as a principal object thereof, I have provided a means ofattachment for the teeth and bucket lip of the character described whichwill positively and firmly hold the teeth against any undesired movementrelative to the bucket or dipper or the like, and yet which will permitthe ready and simple removal of the teeth from the bucket and theirready replacement.

Another object of the invention is to provide an attachment means of thecharacter described which will enable the reversal of the teeth incidentto the wearing of one side of the teeth.

A further object of the invention is to provide an attachment means ofthe character described which is so designed and constructed as to wellwithstand the wear and strain to which the same is subjected for asubstantially unlimited period of use.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some ofwhich, with the foreoing, will be set forth in the following descriptionof the preferred form of the invention which is illustrated in thedrawing accompanying and forming part of the specification. It is to beunderstood, however, that variations in the showing made by the saiddrawing and description may be adapted within the scope of the inventionas set forth in the claims.

Referring to said drawing:

ures 1 and 2 are perspective views of an excavating dipper and diggingteeth provided with an attachment means of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bucket and one of theteeth and is taken substantially on the plane of line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional View similar to Figure 3, butshowing a modified form of the invention.

An attachment means of the present invention, and as illustrated in theaccompanying drawing is adapted for securing a set of ground engaging ordigging teeth 6 to the front lip l of an excavating dipper 8 or bucketor the like. As will be seen from Figures 1 and 3 the lip I is providedwith a series of transversely spaced longitudinally extendingenlargements 9 in which are formed a series of longitudinal openings orsockets H. On the other hand, each of the teeth 6 is provided with alongitudinal shank l2 which is adapted for insertion into one of thesockets H so as to abut a shoulder l3 on the tooth, formed by thereduction thereof at the shank, against the end lip face Id of theenlargement 9. Preferably, each of the sockets taper from the end face Mand in conformity therewith the shanks are preferably tapered from theshoulder it so as to snugly and precisely engage in the sockets.

As a particular important feature of the present invention, the toothshanks and sockets are provided with a spiral engagement means which isefi ective upon rotation of the teeth relative to the bucket to cause alongitudinal displacement of the teeth relative to the sockets. In thepreferred form of the invention a pair of spiral guides it are providedon the interior of the enlargement H in the socket and which slidablyengage in a pair of spiral grooves l8 formed in the periphery of anenlarged portion E9 on the shank. A pin M is preferably extended throughthe socket and shank at said enlarged portion for holding the tooth andsocket against relative rotation, and if desired, such pin may betapered in conformity with tapered openings 2% in the body portion ofthe lip to facilitate the withdrawal of the pin,

the corresponding opening in the tooth shank however being preferablystraight sided to enable the reversal of such shank in the socket aswill be more fully hereinafter described.

It will now be seen that the tooth is firmly secured in the sockets notonly by the relatively long tapered engagement of the shank and socket,but also by the substantial length of engagement of the spiral guidesand grooves, and in all . grooves.

addition, by the direct engagement of the pin 2|. In contrast toprevious type of structure using rivets, bolts or other types or shearpins for holding the teeth on the lip of the bucket, and where such pinswere required to withstand the total longitudinal force on the teeth,the pins 2| of the present construction need only hold the teeth againstrotation and are greatly reenforced in the longitudinal stress by thespiral guides and grooves.

Perhaps most significant of the advantages of the attachment provided bythe present construction, is the ease with which the teeth may beremoved from the sockets even though by reason of a long period of useearth and other material packs into every available opening and creviceof the joint. In loosening one of the teeth from the bucket sockets thepin M is first removed and then the tooth subjected to a twisting actionwhich will immediately loosen the tooth from any impacted material andon subsequent turning of the tooth, the same will be dislodged from thesocket by the action of the spiral guides and Also, as will beunderstood, any material which has packed into the grooves will not,when once loosened from the tooth impede the spiral displacement of thetooth inasmuch as such impacted earth itself will lie along the spiralcourse of the grooves.

Also by reason of the change of size of the shank and socket at theenlarged portions I! and I9 a pair of opposed shoulders 23 and 24 aredefined in the socket and on the shank which, in the innermost positionon the tooth, are adapted to abut and substantially preclude theentrance of earth or other material to the closely engaged inner reducedshank and socket portions.

Another important feature of the present invention is the use of thearrangement of the spiral guides and grooves on the socket and shankportion of the tooth which enables a reversing of the tooth sides 26 and21. This is preferably effected by disposing the guides and grooves atdiametrically opposed positions on the socket and shank so that the samemay be secured together with either side 26 or 21 of the teeth exposedto the earth for digging.

A slightly modified form of the invention has been illustration inFigure 4 wherein the shank and socket portions have been. reversed as totheir association with the bucket and tooth. In the form illustrated inFigure 4 the shank i2 is mounted on an enlarged edge face 8' of thebucket and the tooth 6' is provided with a socket H for theaccommodation of shank l2. Preferably the shape of the shank and socketportions, as well as the guide and grooves, etc., used in connectionwith the first embodiment, are substantially the same as abovedescribed.

I claim:

1. An attachment means for a. ground engaging tooth and an excavatingbucket or the like comprising, interfltting tapered shank and socketportions on said tooth and bucket, and means on said portions, foreffecting the longitudinal displacement of said tooth and socketincident to the relative rotative movement therebetween and permittingof a reversal in positioning of said tooth relative to said bucket.

2. An attachment means for a ground engaging tooth and an excavatingbucket or the like comprising, interfitting tapered shank and socketportions on said tooth and bucket, one or said portions being formedwith a pair of diametrically spaced longitudinally extending spiralgrooves, and a pair of longitudinally extending spiral guides formed onthe other of said portions and engageable with said grooves foreflecting the longitudinal displacement of said tooth and socketincident to the relative rotative movement therebetween and permittingof a reversal in positioning of said tooth relative to said bucket.

3. In a device of the character described the combination with a toothholding member for a ground digging tooth, cooperating portions on saidmember and tooth operative to move the tooth longitudinally of saidmember upon rotation of the tooth relative to the member, said portionsbeing engageable with each other in reversely related positions, andmeans on the tooth and holding member cooperating to limit the rotativemovement of the tooth relative to the member and being so designed thatthe tooth will be positioned reverseiy depending on relation ofengagement of said cooperating portions.

4. An attachment means for a ground digging tooth and an excavatingbucket or the like comprising, interiitting shank and socket portions onsaid tooth and bucket, a plurality of interengaging devices on saidshank and in said socket providing a longitudinal displacement of saidtooth with respect to said socket incident to a rotative displacement ofone relative to the other, and cooperating means on said tooth andbucket limiting the rotational and longitudinal movement of said toothrelative to said bucket.

5. A ground digging tooth adapted for use with an excavating bucket, andhaving a tapered shank extending from the rear of the tooth and pro-'vided with a plurality of spiral grooves on said shank, said bucketbeing provided with a tapered socket for receiving said shank, and meansin said socket engageable in said spiral grooves in reversible positionsof said tooth for efiecting a longitudinal displacement of said toothrelative to said bucket incident to the relative rotative movement oi!said tooth.

NAZRO H. REYNOLDS.

